Air pollution is hardest to understand in street canyons. Roads have buildings on both sides and emit right next to where people are standing. In these relatively narrow areas, air flow can get funnelled, held, slowed, reversed, or trapped. Consequently,…
Short-term peaks are challenging to forecast given how quickly they can arise from rapidly changing local conditions. It could be just a few minutes’ congestion, the wind shifting, a line of vehicles stopping at a junction, or a lack of…
The occurrence of pollution hotspots is seldom haphazard; instead, it arises when a confluence of factors — such as emissions intensity, street canyon geometry, wind characteristics, and exposure levels — combine in such a manner that they generate a recurring…
Urban dispersion models provide a way of calculating how pollutants travel through street and junction networks, building canyons, and across the wider urban area. They help complete missing measurement records, explore scenarios, and underpin decisions regarding monitoring network design, planning…